Hypothyroidism - What is Hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. These hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), play a crucial role in metabolism, regulating body temperature, the cardiovascular system, and overall energy balance. A deficiency of these hormones can lead to a variety of symptoms, including fatigue, weight gain, constipation, sensitivity to cold, and muscle and joint pain.
Different manifestations of hypothyroidism among various age groups and genders
The symptoms and severity of hypothyroidism can vary significantly depending on the patient's age and gender. Adults often suffer from nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue and weight gain, which are often attributed to other causes.
In older individuals, the symptoms may be more subtle and often mistaken for the aging process. This can lead to a delayed diagnosis. Women are more frequently affected by hypothyroidism than men, especially after menopause, which is attributed to hormonal changes. During pregnancy, untreated hypothyroidism can lead to complications for both the mother and the child, including preterm births and developmental disorders.
How hypothyroidism medications help with thyroid deficiency
Levothyroxine: A key element in the treatment of hypothyroidism
The primary treatment for hypothyroidism involves substituting the missing thyroid hormones. The most commonly prescribed medications contain synthetic thyroxine (levothyroxine), which resembles the natural hormone T4. This medication is converted by the body into the active hormone T3, which acts directly on the cells.
Taking levothyroxine normalizes the thyroid hormone levels, alleviating the symptoms of thyroid deficiency. Regular blood tests are necessary to determine the correct dosage and ensure that hormone levels are within the optimal range.
You can request the following hypothyroidism medications on prescription at Medgate
- Eltroxin
- Euthyrox
- Novothyral
- Tirosint
Taking medications for hypothyroidism
The correct intake of thyroid medications is crucial for their effectiveness. Levothyroxine should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach with a glass of water, at least 30 minutes before breakfast. It is important to take the medication at the same time every day to ensure consistent hormone levels in the blood.
Certain medications as well as foods and supplements can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, including products high in iron and calcium (red meat, legumes, leafy green vegetables, whole grains, nuts, dairy products, soy and almond milk, tofu). Therefore, these should be consumed at least four hours after taking levothyroxine.
Important information can be found in the package insert. Clarify any uncertainties with a doctor to avoid interactions.
Side effects: What you should know about your thyroid medications
As with all medications, side effects can occur with thyroid hormones. The most common side effects of levothyroxine are symptoms of overdose, such as palpitations, nervousness, insomnia, and tremors. These occur when hormone levels are too high.
Disclaimer
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